The early church father, Tertullian, writing in the early third century, asks:
Which king ever displayed the sign of his dominion upon his shoulder,
and not in a crown upon his head or a scepter in his hand,
or some mark of appropriate apparel?
No, only the new king of the new ages, Christ Jesus, the king of new glory,
has lifted up upon his shoulder his own dominion and majesty,
which is the cross,
so that henceforth, as the previous prophecy stated, he reigned as Lord from the tree.
—Tertullian, Against Marcion 3.19.1–3, SC 399:164–66, in Isaiah, ed. Robert Louis Wilken, 128; cited in Daniel J. Treier, Lord Jesus Christ, 133.
